Complete Common Admission Test (CAT) Exam Guide
Your comprehensive resource for CAT exam preparation. Everything you need to know about eligibility, exam pattern, syllabus, preparation strategies, and more to ace your CAT exam and secure admission to top IIMs and B-schools.
2.3+ Lakh
Annual Test Takers
1200+
Participating Institutes
180 Minutes
Exam Duration
100 Questions
Approximate Questions
CAT Exam Overview
The Common Admission Test (CAT) is a computer-based management aptitude test conducted annually by the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) for admission to their MBA and other postgraduate management programs. It’s the most prestigious MBA entrance exam in India, accepted by all IIMs and over 1,200 other business schools.
What is CAT Exam?
CAT is a national-level management entrance exam that tests candidates on:
- Quantitative Ability (QA)
- Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Data Interpretation and Logical Reasoning (DILR)
The exam is designed to assess a candidate’s aptitude for business management education through multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and type-in-the-answer (TITA) questions.
Why CAT is Important?
- Gateway to premier IIMs and top B-schools in India
- Opens doors to high-paying management careers
- Enhances career progression opportunities
- Develops critical thinking and problem-solving skills
- Recognized by corporate recruiters as a mark of excellence
Note: CAT scores are valid for one year only. Candidates need to reappear for the exam if they wish to apply for admissions in subsequent years.
Eligibility Criteria
To appear for the CAT exam, candidates must fulfill certain educational qualifications and other criteria set by the conducting IIM.
Educational Qualification
- Bachelor’s degree with at least 50% marks or equivalent CGPA (45% for SC, ST, and PwD categories)
- The degree must be awarded by a recognized university or educational institution
- Candidates appearing for the final year of bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification are also eligible
Age Limit
There is no age restriction for appearing in the CAT exam.
Work Experience
Work experience is not mandatory to apply for CAT. However, some IIMs give weightage to professional experience during the selection process.
Reservation Policy
CAT follows the Government of India reservation policy:
- 15% seats reserved for Scheduled Caste (SC) candidates
- 7.5% seats reserved for Scheduled Tribe (ST) candidates
- 27% seats reserved for Other Backward Classes – Non Creamy Layer (OBC-NCL) candidates
- 5% seats reserved for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwD)
- Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) reservation as per government norms
Important: Eligibility criteria may vary slightly across different IIMs. Candidates are advised to check the specific requirements of each institute they wish to apply to.
Exam Pattern & Structure
Understanding the CAT exam pattern is crucial for effective preparation. The pattern has evolved over years but maintains its core structure.
CAT Exam Pattern at a Glance
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Exam Mode | Computer-Based Test (CBT) |
| Duration | 180 minutes (120 minutes for PwD candidates) |
| Sections | 3 (VARC, DILR, QA) |
| Total Questions | Approximately 100 (varies each year) |
| Question Types | MCQs and Non-MCQs (TITA – Type In The Answer) |
| Marking Scheme | +3 for correct answer, -1 for incorrect answer (MCQs only) |
| Language | English |
Sectional Details
| Section | Approx. Questions | Time Suggested (minutes) | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC) | 24-26 | 60 | Reading Comprehension, Para Summary, Para Jumbles, etc. |
| Data Interpretation & Logical Reasoning (DILR) | 20-22 | 60 | Data Tables, Graphs, Puzzles, Arrangements, etc. |
| Quantitative Ability (QA) | 22-24 | 60 | Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Modern Math, etc. |
Marking Scheme
- Each correct answer carries +3 marks
- Each incorrect answer in MCQs results in -1 mark (negative marking)
- No negative marking for Non-MCQ (TITA) questions
- No marks deducted for unattempted questions
Score Calculation
CAT uses a normalized scoring process to account for difficulty variations across different exam sessions. The process involves:
- Raw score calculation based on correct and incorrect answers
- Normalization across different slots and sessions
- Scaled score generation (percentile)
Computer-Based Test Interface
The CAT exam interface includes the following features:
- Question palette to navigate between questions
- Mark for review option
- On-screen calculator (basic functions)
- Timer display
- Sectional time limit (cannot switch between sections)
- Rough paper provided for calculations
Pro Tip: Familiarize yourself with the computer-based test interface by taking mock tests on the official CAT website or other reliable platforms.
Detailed Syllabus
The CAT syllabus covers a wide range of topics across three sections. While there’s no officially defined syllabus, these are the consistent topics based on previous years’ papers.
Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension
This section tests your command of English language, comprehension skills, and verbal reasoning abilities.
Reading Comprehension
- Passages from diverse topics (social sciences, humanities, technology, business, etc.)
- 4-5 passages with 4-6 questions each
- Questions based on main idea, inference, tone, vocabulary, etc.
Verbal Ability
- Para Jumbles (Sentence Rearrangement)
- Para Summary (Paragraph Summarization)
- Para Completion (Paragraph Completion)
- Odd Sentence Out
- Word Usage (Vocabulary-based questions)
- Fill in the Blanks (Single and Double)
Preparation Tip: Regular reading of newspapers, magazines, and quality literature significantly improves VARC performance. Focus on understanding the central theme rather than memorizing details.
Data Interpretation & Logical Reasoning
This section evaluates your ability to interpret data and solve complex logical problems.
Data Interpretation
- Tables, Charts, and Graphs (Bar, Line, Pie, etc.)
- Caselets (Data in paragraph form)
- Data Comparison and Analysis
- Data Sufficiency
- Venn Diagrams
- Network Diagrams
Logical Reasoning
- Arrangements (Linear, Circular, Matrix)
- Sequences and Series
- Puzzles (Categorization, Selection, Distribution)
- Blood Relations
- Direction Sense
- Binary Logic
- Syllogisms
- Clocks and Calendars
- Coding-Decoding
Preparation Tip: DILR requires extensive practice. Focus on identifying the sets you can solve quickly and accurately. Develop your own shortcuts and approaches for different types of puzzles.
Quantitative Ability
This section tests your mathematical skills and numerical ability.
Key Topics
- Arithmetic: Percentages, Profit & Loss, Interest, Ratio & Proportion, Time & Work, Time Speed Distance, Mixtures & Alligations
- Algebra: Equations, Inequalities, Functions, Sequences & Series, Logarithms
- Geometry & Mensuration: Lines, Angles, Triangles, Circles, Polygons, Coordinate Geometry, Solids
- Number System: Divisibility, HCF & LCM, Remainders, Integers, Fractions
- Modern Mathematics: Set Theory, Permutation & Combination, Probability, Statistics
- Trigonometry: Heights and Distances, Trigonometric Ratios, Identities
Preparation Tip: Focus on concept clarity rather than rote learning. Practice mental calculations to save time. Identify your strong and weak areas to optimize your attempt strategy.
Preparation Strategies & Tips
Effective preparation requires a strategic approach tailored to your strengths and weaknesses. Here’s a comprehensive guide to CAT preparation.
Creating an Effective Study Plan
A well-structured study plan is crucial for CAT preparation. Here’s a phased approach:
Phase 1: Foundation (3-4 months)
- Concept learning and understanding
- Cover all topics from basics
- Focus on weaker areas
- Develop reading habit for VARC
Phase 2: Practice (2-3 months)
- Topic-wise practice questions
- Sectional tests
- Speed and accuracy development
- Shortcut techniques learning
Phase 3: Mock Tests (2 months)
- Full-length simulated tests
- Analysis of performance
- Time management practice
- Strategy refinement
Phase 4: Revision (1 month)
- Quick revision of formulas and concepts
- Focus on strong areas
- Last-minute tips and strategies
- Stress management and confidence building
Section-wise Preparation Strategies
VARC Strategy
- Read diverse materials daily (newspapers, magazines, novels)
- Practice reading comprehension with time constraints
- Learn vocabulary in context, not through rote memorization
- For verbal ability, practice para jumbles and summaries regularly
- Develop the skill to identify the central theme quickly
DILR Strategy
- Practice different types of puzzles and data interpretation sets
- Develop your own approach for various puzzle types
- Focus on accuracy rather than attempting too many questions
- Learn to identify which sets to attempt and which to skip
- Practice with actual CAT papers from previous years
QA Strategy
- Clear your basic concepts first
- Learn shortcut methods and calculation tricks
- Practice mental calculations to save time
- Identify your strong and weak areas
- Focus on accuracy as negative marking can be costly
Time Management Techniques
Effective time management is crucial for CAT success. Here are some strategies:
During Preparation
- Create a realistic study schedule and stick to it
- Allocate time based on your strengths and weaknesses
- Include breaks to avoid burnout
- Balance between learning new concepts and revision
During Exam
- Divide your time equally among sections (approx. 60 minutes each)
- Spend initial minutes scanning the paper
- Attempt easier questions first to build confidence
- Keep last few minutes for review
- Don’t spend too much time on any single question
Important: Time management strategy should be personalized. What works for one candidate may not work for another. Develop your strategy through mock tests.
Mock Tests Strategy
Mock tests are the most critical component of CAT preparation. Here’s how to make the most of them:
Why Take Mock Tests?
- Simulate actual exam environment
- Identify strengths and weaknesses
- Develop time management skills
- Build exam temperament and reduce anxiety
How to Approach Mock Tests
- Take at least 15-20 full-length mocks before the actual exam
- Simulate actual exam conditions (time, environment, etc.)
- Analyze each mock thoroughly – not just scores but also question selection, time spent, etc.
- Work on improving weak areas identified through mocks
- Don’t get discouraged by low scores initially – focus on improvement
Post-Mock Analysis
- Identify why you got questions wrong – conceptual gap, careless error, or time issue
- Analyze your time distribution across sections and questions
- Track your progress over multiple tests
- Adjust your strategy based on analysis
Recommended Books & Resources
Choosing the right study material is crucial for effective CAT preparation. Here are some highly recommended resources.
Quantitative Ability Books
| Book Name | Author/Publisher | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Quantitative Aptitude for CAT | Nishit K. Sinha | Comprehensive coverage, practice exercises, concept clarity |
| How to Prepare for Quantitative Aptitude for CAT | Arun Sharma | Structured approach, level-wise exercises, previous year questions |
| Quantitative Aptitude for Competitive Examinations | R.S. Aggarwal | Basic to advanced concepts, ample practice questions |
| CAT Mathematics | Pearson | Topic-wise coverage, practice tests, solved examples |
VARC Books
| Book Name | Author/Publisher | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Word Power Made Easy | Norman Lewis | Vocabulary building, root words, usage examples |
| How to Prepare for Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension for CAT | Arun Sharma & Meenakshi Upadhyay | CAT-focused content, practice exercises, comprehension strategies |
| High School English Grammar & Composition | Wren & Martin | Grammar fundamentals, practice exercises, comprehensive coverage |
| Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension for the CAT | Nishit K. Sinha | CAT pattern focused, practice questions, strategy guidance |
Reading Recommendation: Regularly read newspapers like The Hindu, Economic Times, and magazines like Harvard Business Review, Economist to improve reading comprehension and stay updated with current affairs.
DILR Books
| Book Name | Author/Publisher | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| How to Prepare for Data Interpretation for CAT | Arun Sharma | Comprehensive DI coverage, level-wise exercises |
| Logical Reasoning and Data Interpretation for the CAT | Nishit K. Sinha | CAT-focused approach, variety of puzzles, solved examples |
| Data Interpretation & Data Sufficiency | Ananta Ashisha | Practice questions, shortcut techniques, previous year problems |
| Analytical and Logical Reasoning | R.S. Aggarwal | Fundamentals of logic, variety of reasoning problems |
Online Learning Platforms
| Platform | Key Features | Useful For |
|---|---|---|
| Official CAT Website | Mock tests, exam pattern, updates | Familiarizing with actual exam interface |
| 2IIM | Video lessons, practice questions, mock tests | Concept learning and practice |
| Byju’s | Comprehensive courses, mock tests, study material | Structured learning |
| Time | Mock test series, study material, preparation guidance | Test practice and analysis |
| Unacademy | Live classes, doubt sessions, practice material | Interactive learning |
| YouTube | Free video lessons, strategy sessions, concept explanations | Supplementary learning |
Note: While online resources are helpful, they should complement rather than replace traditional book-based learning. A balanced approach works best for most candidates.
Cut-off Trends & Percentile Analysis
Understanding CAT cut-offs and percentile requirements helps set realistic targets for IIM admissions.
What is CAT Percentile?
A percentile indicates the percentage of candidates who scored equal to or less than you. For example, a 99 percentile means you scored better than 99% of test-takers.
IIM Call Cut-off Trends (Approximate)
| IIM | Overall Percentile | Sectional Percentile (Approx.) |
|---|---|---|
| IIM Ahmedabad | 99.5+ | 85+ |
| IIM Bangalore | 99.5+ | 85+ |
| IIM Calcutta | 99+ | 80+ |
| IIM Lucknow | 98+ | 80+ |
| IIM Indore | 97+ | 80+ |
| IIM Kozhikode | 96+ | 75+ |
| New IIMs | 90-95+ | 70+ |
Score vs Percentile Estimation
The CAT percentile calculation depends on the difficulty level and performance of all candidates. However, here’s an approximate estimation:
| Overall Score (Approx.) | Expected Percentile |
|---|---|
| 160+ | 99.5+ |
| 140-160 | 98-99.5 |
| 120-140 | 95-98 |
| 100-120 | 90-95 |
| 80-100 | 85-90 |
| 60-80 | 80-85 |
Important: These are approximate values and can vary based on the difficulty level of the exam. Also, different IIMs have different criteria for shortlisting, which may include academic profile, work experience, and diversity factors in addition to CAT scores.
Start Your CAT Preparation Journey Today!
With proper guidance, strategic preparation, and consistent effort, you can achieve your dream of studying at a top IIM or B-school.
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